通用显示视图¶
以下两个基于类的通用视图旨在显示数据。在许多项目中,它们通常是最常用的视图。
DetailView
¶
-
class
django.views.generic.detail.
DetailView
¶ 当该视图执行时,
self.object
将包含该视图正在操作的对象。祖先(MRO)
该视图从以下视图继承方法和属性。
django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView
django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin
django.views.generic.base.View
方法流程图
setup()
dispatch()
http_method_not_allowed()
get_template_names()
get_slug_field()
get_queryset()
get_object()
get_context_object_name()
get_context_data()
get()
render_to_response()
示例 myapp/views.py:
from django.utils import timezone from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView from articles.models import Article class ArticleDetailView(DetailView): model = Article def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs) context["now"] = timezone.now() return context
示例 myapp/urls.py:
from django.urls import path from article.views import ArticleDetailView urlpatterns = [ path("<slug:slug>/", ArticleDetailView.as_view(), name="article-detail"), ]
示例 myapp/article_detail.html:
<h1>{{ object.headline }}</h1> <p>{{ object.content }}</p> <p>Reporter: {{ object.reporter }}</p> <p>Published: {{ object.pub_date|date }}</p> <p>Date: {{ now|date }}</p>
ListView
¶
-
class
django.views.generic.list.
ListView
¶ 一个表示对象列表的页面。
当该视图执行时,
self.object_list
将包含该视图正在操作的对象列表(通常,但不一定是查询集)。祖先(MRO)
该视图从以下视图继承方法和属性。
django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.list.BaseListView
django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin
django.views.generic.base.View
方法流程图
setup()
dispatch()
http_method_not_allowed()
get_template_names()
get_queryset()
get_context_object_name()
get_context_data()
get()
render_to_response()
示例 views.py:
from django.utils import timezone from django.views.generic.list import ListView from articles.models import Article class ArticleListView(ListView): model = Article paginate_by = 100 # if pagination is desired def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs) context["now"] = timezone.now() return context
示例 myapp/urls.py:
from django.urls import path from article.views import ArticleListView urlpatterns = [ path("", ArticleListView.as_view(), name="article-list"), ]
示例 myapp/article_list.html:
<h1>Articles</h1> <ul> {% for article in object_list %} <li>{{ article.pub_date|date }} - {{ article.headline }}</li> {% empty %} <li>No articles yet.</li> {% endfor %} </ul>
如果你正在使用分页,可以使用 来自分页文档的示例模板 进行适应。
-
class
django.views.generic.list.
BaseListView
¶ 一个用于显示对象列表的基础视图。它不打算直接使用,而是作为
django.view.generic.list.ListView
或其他代表对象列表的视图的父类。祖先(MRO)
该视图从以下视图继承方法和属性。
方法
-
get
(request, *args, **kwargs)¶ 添加
object_list
到上下文。如果allow_empty
为 True,则显示一个空列表。如果allow_empty
为 False,则引发一个 404 错误。
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