Django’s release process

Oficjalne wydania

Od wersji 1.0, numerowanie wydań Django działa w ten sposób:

• Wersje są numerowane w formie A.B lub A.B.C.
• A.B jest numerem wersji wydania funkcjonalnego. Każda wersja będzie przeważnie kompatybilna wstecz z poprzednim wydaniem. Wyjątki od tej reguły będą wypisane w informacjach o wydaniu.
• C jest numerem wersji wydania łaty, który jest zwiększany przy wydaniach z naprawami błędów i bezpieczeństwa. Te wydania będą w stu procentach kompatybilne wstecz z poprzednim wydaniem łaty. Jedynym wyjątkiem jest sytuacja, gdy problem bezpieczeństwa lub utraty danych nie może zostać rozwiązany bez złamania kompatybilności wstecz. Jeśli tak się wydarzy, informacje o wydaniu będą zawierały szczegółowe instrukcje upgrade’u.
• Przed nowym wydaniem funkcjonalnym, zrobimy alphę, betę i wydania „release candidate”. Są one w formie A.B alpha/beta/rc N, co oznacza N-tą alphę/betę/„release candidate” wersji A.B.

W gicie każde wydanie Django będzie miało tag określający jego numer wersji, podpisany kluczem wydań Django. Dodatkowo każda seria wydań ma swoją własną gałąź, nazwaną stable/A.B.x i wydania bezpieczeństwa lub bugfiksów będą tworzone z tych gałęzi.

Więcej informacji, jak projekt Django tworzy nowe wydania ze względów bezpieczeństwa, można znaleźć w naszych politykach bezpieczeństwa.

Wydanie funkcjonalne

Wydania funkcjonalne (A.B, A.B+1, itd.) będą wypuszczane średnio co osiem miesięcy – szczegóły w procesie wydawniczym. Te wydania będą zawierały nowe funkcjonalności, udoskonalenia istniejących funkcjonalności i tym podobne.

Wydanie łaty

Wydania łat (A.B.C, A.B.C+1, itp.) będą wypuszczane w miarę potrzeb, by naprawiać błędy i/lub problemy z bezpieczeństwem.

Te wydania będą w stu procentach kompatybilne z powiązanym wydaniem funkcjonalnym, o ile nie jest to niemożliwe z powodów bezpieczeństwa lub aby zapobiec utracie danych. Więc odpowiedzią na pytanie „czy powinienem upgrade’ować się do ostatniego wydania łaty?” zawsze będzie „tak”.

Wydanie „long-term support”

Niektóre wydania funkcjonalne będą oznaczone jako wydania „long-term support” (LTS). Te wydania będą otrzymywały poprawki bezpieczeństwa i utraty danych przez gwarantowany czas, zazwyczaj trzy lata.

Na stronie pobierania znajdziesz wydania, które zostały wyznaczone do „long-term support”.

Rytm wydań

Starting with Django 2.0, version numbers will use a loose form of semantic versioning such that each version following an LTS will bump to the next „dot zero” version. For example: 2.0, 2.1, 2.2 (LTS), 3.0, 3.1, 3.2 (LTS), etc.

SemVer makes it easier to see at a glance how compatible releases are with each other. It also helps to anticipate when compatibility shims will be removed. It’s not a pure form of SemVer as each feature release will continue to have a few documented backwards incompatibilities where a deprecation path isn’t possible or not worth the cost. Also, deprecations started in an LTS release (X.2) will be dropped in a non-dot-zero release (Y.1) to accommodate our policy of keeping deprecation shims for at least two feature releases. Read on to the next section for an example.

Deprecation policy

A feature release may deprecate certain features from previous releases. If a feature is deprecated in feature release A.x, it will continue to work in all A.x versions (for all versions of x) but raise warnings. Deprecated features will be removed in the B.0 release, or B.1 for features deprecated in the last A.x feature release to ensure deprecations are done over at least 2 feature releases.

So, for example, if we decided to start the deprecation of a function in Django 4.2:

• Django 4.2 will contain a backwards-compatible replica of the function which will raise a RemovedInDjango51Warning.
• Django 5.0 (the version that follows 4.2) will still contain the backwards-compatible replica.
• Django 5.1 will remove the feature outright.

The warnings are silent by default. You can turn on display of these warnings with the python -Wd option.

A more generic example:

• X.0
• X.1
• X.2 LTS
• Y.0: Drop deprecation shims added in X.0 and X.1.
• Y.1: Drop deprecation shims added in X.2.
• Y.2 LTS: No deprecation shims dropped (while Y.0 is no longer supported, third-party apps need to maintain compatibility back to X.2 LTS to ease LTS to LTS upgrades).
• Z.0: Drop deprecation shims added in Y.0 and Y.1.

See also the Deprecating a feature guide.

Supported versions

At any moment in time, Django’s developer team will support a set of releases to varying levels. See the supported versions section of the download page for the current state of support for each version.

• The current development branch main will get new features and bug fixes requiring non-trivial refactoring.

• Patches applied to the main branch must also be applied to the last feature release branch, to be released in the next patch release of that feature series, when they fix critical problems:

  • Security issues.
  • Data loss bugs.
  • Crashing bugs.
  • Major functionality bugs in new features of the latest stable release.
  • Regressions from older versions of Django introduced in the current release series.

  The rule of thumb is that fixes will be backported to the last feature release for bugs that would have prevented a release in the first place (release blockers).

• Security fixes and data loss bugs will be applied to the current main branch, the last two feature release branches, and any other supported long-term support release branches.

• Documentation fixes generally will be more freely backported to the last release branch. That’s because it’s highly advantageous to have the docs for the last release be up-to-date and correct, and the risk of introducing regressions is much less of a concern.

As a concrete example, consider a moment in time halfway between the release of Django 5.1 and 5.2. At this point in time:

• Features will be added to the development main branch, to be released as Django 5.2.
• Critical bug fixes will be applied to the stable/5.1.x branch, and released as 5.1.1, 5.1.2, etc.
• Security fixes and bug fixes for data loss issues will be applied to main and to the stable/5.1.x, stable/5.0.x, and stable/4.2.x (LTS) branches. They will trigger the release of 5.1.1, 5.0.5, 4.2.8, etc.
• Documentation fixes will be applied to main, and, if easily backported, to the latest stable branch, 5.1.x.

Release process

Django uses a time-based release schedule, with feature releases every eight months or so.

After each feature release, the release manager will announce a timeline for the next feature release.

Release cycle

Each release cycle consists of three parts:

Phase one: feature proposal

The first phase of the release process will include figuring out what major features to include in the next version. This should include a good deal of preliminary work on those features – working code trumps grand design.

Major features for an upcoming release will be added to the wiki roadmap page, e.g. https://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/Version1.11Roadmap.

Phase two: development

The second part of the release schedule is the „heads-down” working period. Using the roadmap produced at the end of phase one, we’ll all work very hard to get everything on it done.

At the end of phase two, any unfinished features will be postponed until the next release.

Phase two will culminate with an alpha release. At this point, the stable/A.B.x branch will be forked from main.

Phase three: bugfixes

The last part of a release cycle is spent fixing bugs – no new features will be accepted during this time. We’ll try to release a beta release one month after the alpha and a release candidate one month after the beta.

The release candidate marks the string freeze, and it happens at least two weeks before the final release. After this point, new translatable strings must not be added.

During this phase, mergers will be more and more conservative with backports, to avoid introducing regressions. After the release candidate, only release blockers and documentation fixes should be backported.

In parallel to this phase, main can receive new features, to be released in the A.B+1 cycle.

Bug-fix releases

After a feature release (e.g. A.B), the previous release will go into bugfix mode.

The branch for the previous feature release (e.g. stable/A.B-1.x) will include bugfixes. Critical bugs fixed on main must also be fixed on the bugfix branch; this means that commits need to cleanly separate bug fixes from feature additions. The developer who commits a fix to main will be responsible for also applying the fix to the current bugfix branch.