Jak zainstalować Django w systemie Windows

This document will guide you through installing Python 3.12 and Django on Windows. It also provides instructions for setting up a virtual environment, which makes it easier to work on Python projects. This is meant as a beginner’s guide for users working on Django projects and does not reflect how Django should be installed when developing patches for Django itself.

The steps in this guide have been tested with Windows 10. In other versions, the steps would be similar. You will need to be familiar with using the Windows command prompt.

Instalacja Pythona

Django is a Python web framework, thus requiring Python to be installed on your machine. At the time of writing, Python 3.12 is the latest version.

Aby zainstalować Pythona na twojej maszynie, przejdź pod adres https://python.org/downloads/.Strona powinna posiadać link do pobrania ostatniej wersji Pythona. Pobierz instalator i uruchom go. Sprawdź pole obok Add Python 3.8 to PATH i kliknij Install now.

After installation, open the command prompt and check that the Python version matches the version you installed by executing:

...\> py --version

Zobacz także

Po więcej szczegółów sięgnij do dokumentacji Using Python on Windows.

O pip

pip is a package manager for Python and is included by default with the Python installer. It helps to install and uninstall Python packages (such as Django!). For the rest of the installation, we’ll use pip to install Python packages from the command line.

Konfiguracja środowiska wirtualnego

It is best practice to provide a dedicated environment for each Django project you create. There are many options to manage environments and packages within the Python ecosystem, some of which are recommended in the Python documentation. Python itself comes with venv for managing environments which we will use for this guide.

To create a virtual environment for your project, open a new command prompt, navigate to the folder where you want to create your project and then enter the following:

...\> py -m venv project-name

This will create a folder called «project-name» if it does not already exist and set up the virtual environment. To activate the environment, run:

...\> project-name\Scripts\activate.bat

The virtual environment will be activated and you’ll see „(project-name)” next to the command prompt to designate that. Each time you start a new command prompt, you’ll need to activate the environment again.

Zainstaluj Django

Django można łatwo zainstalować, używając polecenia pip wewnątrz twojego środowiska wirtualnego.

In the command prompt, ensure your virtual environment is active, and execute the following command:

...\> py -m pip install Django

To pobierze oraz zainstaluje ostatnią wersję Django.

Po zakończeniu instalacji możecie zweryfikować zainstalowane Django wykonując komendę django-admin --version w wierszu polecenia.

See Uruchamianie bazy danych for information on database installation with Django.

Colored terminal output

A quality-of-life feature adds colored (rather than monochrome) output to the terminal. In modern terminals this should work for both CMD and PowerShell. If for some reason this needs to be disabled, set the environmental variable DJANGO_COLORS to nocolor.

On older Windows versions, or legacy terminals, colorama 0.4.6+ must be installed to enable syntax coloring:

...\> py -m pip install "colorama >= 0.4.6"

See Syntax coloring for more information on color settings.

Częste pułapki

• If django-admin only displays the help text no matter what arguments it is given, there is probably a problem with the file association in Windows. Check if there is more than one environment variable set for running Python scripts in PATH. This usually occurs when there is more than one Python version installed.

• If you are connecting to the internet behind a proxy, there might be problems in running the command py -m pip install Django. Set the environment variables for proxy configuration in the command prompt as follows:

  ...\> set http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport
  ...\> set https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport
  

• In general, Django assumes that UTF-8 encoding is used for I/O. This may cause problems if your system is set to use a different encoding. Recent versions of Python allow setting the PYTHONUTF8 environment variable in order to force a UTF-8 encoding. Windows 10 also provides a system-wide setting by checking Use Unicode UTF-8 for worldwide language support in Language ‣ Administrative Language Settings ‣ Change system locale in system settings.