Source code for django.utils.http

import base64
import calendar
import datetime
import re
import unicodedata
import warnings
from binascii import Error as BinasciiError
from email.utils import formatdate
from urllib.parse import (
    ParseResult, SplitResult, _coerce_args, _splitnetloc, _splitparams, quote,
    quote_plus, scheme_chars, unquote, unquote_plus,
    urlencode as original_urlencode, uses_params,
)

from django.core.exceptions import TooManyFieldsSent
from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
from django.utils.deprecation import RemovedInDjango21Warning
from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
from django.utils.functional import keep_lazy_text

# based on RFC 7232, Appendix C
ETAG_MATCH = re.compile(r'''
    \A(      # start of string and capture group
    (?:W/)?  # optional weak indicator
    "        # opening quote
    [^"]*    # any sequence of non-quote characters
    "        # end quote
    )\Z      # end of string and capture group
''', re.X)

MONTHS = 'jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec'.split()
__D = r'(?P<day>\d{2})'
__D2 = r'(?P<day>[ \d]\d)'
__M = r'(?P<mon>\w{3})'
__Y = r'(?P<year>\d{4})'
__Y2 = r'(?P<year>\d{2})'
__T = r'(?P<hour>\d{2}):(?P<min>\d{2}):(?P<sec>\d{2})'
RFC1123_DATE = re.compile(r'^\w{3}, %s %s %s %s GMT$' % (__D, __M, __Y, __T))
RFC850_DATE = re.compile(r'^\w{6,9}, %s-%s-%s %s GMT$' % (__D, __M, __Y2, __T))
ASCTIME_DATE = re.compile(r'^\w{3} %s %s %s %s$' % (__M, __D2, __T, __Y))

RFC3986_GENDELIMS = ":/?#[]@"
RFC3986_SUBDELIMS = "!$&'()*+,;="

FIELDS_MATCH = re.compile('[&;]')


@keep_lazy_text
def urlquote(url, safe='/'):
    """
    A legacy compatibility wrapper to Python's urllib.parse.quote() function.
    (was used for unicode handling on Python 2)
    """
    return quote(url, safe)


@keep_lazy_text
def urlquote_plus(url, safe=''):
    """
    A legacy compatibility wrapper to Python's urllib.parse.quote_plus()
    function. (was used for unicode handling on Python 2)
    """
    return quote_plus(url, safe)


@keep_lazy_text
def urlunquote(quoted_url):
    """
    A legacy compatibility wrapper to Python's urllib.parse.unquote() function.
    (was used for unicode handling on Python 2)
    """
    return unquote(quoted_url)


@keep_lazy_text
def urlunquote_plus(quoted_url):
    """
    A legacy compatibility wrapper to Python's urllib.parse.unquote_plus()
    function. (was used for unicode handling on Python 2)
    """
    return unquote_plus(quoted_url)


[문서]def urlencode(query, doseq=False): """ A version of Python's urllib.parse.urlencode() function that can operate on MultiValueDict and non-string values. """ if isinstance(query, MultiValueDict): query = query.lists() elif hasattr(query, 'items'): query = query.items() query_params = [] for key, value in query: if isinstance(value, (str, bytes)): query_val = value else: try: iter(value) except TypeError: query_val = value else: # Consume generators and iterators, even when doseq=True, to # work around https://bugs.python.org/issue31706. query_val = [ item if isinstance(item, bytes) else str(item) for item in value ] query_params.append((key, query_val)) return original_urlencode(query_params, doseq)
[문서]def http_date(epoch_seconds=None): """ Format the time to match the RFC1123 date format as specified by HTTP RFC7231 section 7.1.1.1. `epoch_seconds` is a floating point number expressed in seconds since the epoch, in UTC - such as that outputted by time.time(). If set to None, it defaults to the current time. Output a string in the format 'Wdy, DD Mon YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT'. """ return formatdate(epoch_seconds, usegmt=True)
def parse_http_date(date): """ Parse a date format as specified by HTTP RFC7231 section 7.1.1.1. The three formats allowed by the RFC are accepted, even if only the first one is still in widespread use. Return an integer expressed in seconds since the epoch, in UTC. """ # email.utils.parsedate() does the job for RFC1123 dates; unfortunately # RFC7231 makes it mandatory to support RFC850 dates too. So we roll # our own RFC-compliant parsing. for regex in RFC1123_DATE, RFC850_DATE, ASCTIME_DATE: m = regex.match(date) if m is not None: break else: raise ValueError("%r is not in a valid HTTP date format" % date) try: year = int(m.group('year')) if year < 100: if year < 70: year += 2000 else: year += 1900 month = MONTHS.index(m.group('mon').lower()) + 1 day = int(m.group('day')) hour = int(m.group('hour')) min = int(m.group('min')) sec = int(m.group('sec')) result = datetime.datetime(year, month, day, hour, min, sec) return calendar.timegm(result.utctimetuple()) except Exception as exc: raise ValueError("%r is not a valid date" % date) from exc def parse_http_date_safe(date): """ Same as parse_http_date, but return None if the input is invalid. """ try: return parse_http_date(date) except Exception: pass # Base 36 functions: useful for generating compact URLs
[문서]def base36_to_int(s): """ Convert a base 36 string to an int. Raise ValueError if the input won't fit into an int. """ # To prevent overconsumption of server resources, reject any # base36 string that is longer than 13 base36 digits (13 digits # is sufficient to base36-encode any 64-bit integer) if len(s) > 13: raise ValueError("Base36 input too large") return int(s, 36)
[문서]def int_to_base36(i): """Convert an integer to a base36 string.""" char_set = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' if i < 0: raise ValueError("Negative base36 conversion input.") if i < 36: return char_set[i] b36 = '' while i != 0: i, n = divmod(i, 36) b36 = char_set[n] + b36 return b36
[문서]def urlsafe_base64_encode(s): """ Encode a bytestring in base64 for use in URLs. Strip any trailing equal signs. """ return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(s).rstrip(b'\n=')
[문서]def urlsafe_base64_decode(s): """ Decode a base64 encoded string. Add back any trailing equal signs that might have been stripped. """ s = force_bytes(s) try: return base64.urlsafe_b64decode(s.ljust(len(s) + len(s) % 4, b'=')) except (LookupError, BinasciiError) as e: raise ValueError(e)
def parse_etags(etag_str): """ Parse a string of ETags given in an If-None-Match or If-Match header as defined by RFC 7232. Return a list of quoted ETags, or ['*'] if all ETags should be matched. """ if etag_str.strip() == '*': return ['*'] else: # Parse each ETag individually, and return any that are valid. etag_matches = (ETAG_MATCH.match(etag.strip()) for etag in etag_str.split(',')) return [match.group(1) for match in etag_matches if match] def quote_etag(etag_str): """ If the provided string is already a quoted ETag, return it. Otherwise, wrap the string in quotes, making it a strong ETag. """ if ETAG_MATCH.match(etag_str): return etag_str else: return '"%s"' % etag_str def is_same_domain(host, pattern): """ Return ``True`` if the host is either an exact match or a match to the wildcard pattern. Any pattern beginning with a period matches a domain and all of its subdomains. (e.g. ``.example.com`` matches ``example.com`` and ``foo.example.com``). Anything else is an exact string match. """ if not pattern: return False pattern = pattern.lower() return ( pattern[0] == '.' and (host.endswith(pattern) or host == pattern[1:]) or pattern == host ) def is_safe_url(url, host=None, allowed_hosts=None, require_https=False): """ Return ``True`` if the url is a safe redirection (i.e. it doesn't point to a different host and uses a safe scheme). Always return ``False`` on an empty url. If ``require_https`` is ``True``, only 'https' will be considered a valid scheme, as opposed to 'http' and 'https' with the default, ``False``. """ if url is not None: url = url.strip() if not url: return False if allowed_hosts is None: allowed_hosts = set() if host: warnings.warn( "The host argument is deprecated, use allowed_hosts instead.", RemovedInDjango21Warning, stacklevel=2, ) # Avoid mutating the passed in allowed_hosts. allowed_hosts = allowed_hosts | {host} # Chrome treats \ completely as / in paths but it could be part of some # basic auth credentials so we need to check both URLs. return (_is_safe_url(url, allowed_hosts, require_https=require_https) and _is_safe_url(url.replace('\\', '/'), allowed_hosts, require_https=require_https)) # Copied from urllib.parse.urlparse() but uses fixed urlsplit() function. def _urlparse(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=True): """Parse a URL into 6 components: <scheme>://<netloc>/<path>;<params>?<query>#<fragment> Return a 6-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment). Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits (e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes.""" url, scheme, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(url, scheme) splitresult = _urlsplit(url, scheme, allow_fragments) scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment = splitresult if scheme in uses_params and ';' in url: url, params = _splitparams(url) else: params = '' result = ParseResult(scheme, netloc, url, params, query, fragment) return _coerce_result(result) # Copied from urllib.parse.urlsplit() with # https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/661 applied. def _urlsplit(url, scheme='', allow_fragments=True): """Parse a URL into 5 components: <scheme>://<netloc>/<path>?<query>#<fragment> Return a 5-tuple: (scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment). Note that we don't break the components up in smaller bits (e.g. netloc is a single string) and we don't expand % escapes.""" url, scheme, _coerce_result = _coerce_args(url, scheme) allow_fragments = bool(allow_fragments) netloc = query = fragment = '' i = url.find(':') if i > 0: for c in url[:i]: if c not in scheme_chars: break else: scheme, url = url[:i].lower(), url[i + 1:] if url[:2] == '//': netloc, url = _splitnetloc(url, 2) if (('[' in netloc and ']' not in netloc) or (']' in netloc and '[' not in netloc)): raise ValueError("Invalid IPv6 URL") if allow_fragments and '#' in url: url, fragment = url.split('#', 1) if '?' in url: url, query = url.split('?', 1) v = SplitResult(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment) return _coerce_result(v) def _is_safe_url(url, allowed_hosts, require_https=False): # Chrome considers any URL with more than two slashes to be absolute, but # urlparse is not so flexible. Treat any url with three slashes as unsafe. if url.startswith('///'): return False try: url_info = _urlparse(url) except ValueError: # e.g. invalid IPv6 addresses return False # Forbid URLs like http:///example.com - with a scheme, but without a hostname. # In that URL, example.com is not the hostname but, a path component. However, # Chrome will still consider example.com to be the hostname, so we must not # allow this syntax. if not url_info.netloc and url_info.scheme: return False # Forbid URLs that start with control characters. Some browsers (like # Chrome) ignore quite a few control characters at the start of a # URL and might consider the URL as scheme relative. if unicodedata.category(url[0])[0] == 'C': return False scheme = url_info.scheme # Consider URLs without a scheme (e.g. //example.com/p) to be http. if not url_info.scheme and url_info.netloc: scheme = 'http' valid_schemes = ['https'] if require_https else ['http', 'https'] return ((not url_info.netloc or url_info.netloc in allowed_hosts) and (not scheme or scheme in valid_schemes)) def limited_parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values=False, encoding='utf-8', errors='replace', fields_limit=None): """ Return a list of key/value tuples parsed from query string. Copied from urlparse with an additional "fields_limit" argument. Copyright (C) 2013 Python Software Foundation (see LICENSE.python). Arguments: qs: percent-encoded query string to be parsed keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in percent-encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank strings. The default false value indicates that blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included. encoding and errors: specify how to decode percent-encoded sequences into Unicode characters, as accepted by the bytes.decode() method. fields_limit: maximum number of fields parsed or an exception is raised. None means no limit and is the default. """ if fields_limit: pairs = FIELDS_MATCH.split(qs, fields_limit) if len(pairs) > fields_limit: raise TooManyFieldsSent( 'The number of GET/POST parameters exceeded ' 'settings.DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_NUMBER_FIELDS.' ) else: pairs = FIELDS_MATCH.split(qs) r = [] for name_value in pairs: if not name_value: continue nv = name_value.split('=', 1) if len(nv) != 2: # Handle case of a control-name with no equal sign if keep_blank_values: nv.append('') else: continue if len(nv[1]) or keep_blank_values: name = nv[0].replace('+', ' ') name = unquote(name, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) value = nv[1].replace('+', ' ') value = unquote(value, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) r.append((name, value)) return r def escape_leading_slashes(url): """ If redirecting to an absolute path (two leading slashes), a slash must be escaped to prevent browsers from handling the path as schemaless and redirecting to another host. """ if url.startswith('//'): url = '/%2F{}'.format(url[2:]) return url
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