Bagaimana memasang Django pada WIndows

This document will guide you through installing Python 3.12 and Django on Windows. It also provides instructions for setting up a virtual environment, which makes it easier to work on Python projects. This is meant as a beginner's guide for users working on Django projects and does not reflect how Django should be installed when developing changes for Django itself.

Langkah-langkah dalam panduan ini telah diuji dengan Windows 10. Di versi lainnya, langkah-langkah akan mirip. Anda harus terbiasa dengan dengan menggunakan perintah prompt Windows.

Pasang Phyton

Django is a Python web framework, thus requiring Python to be installed on your machine. At the time of writing, Python 3.12 is the latest version.

To install Python on your machine go to https://www.python.org/downloads/. The website should offer you a download button for the latest Python version. Download the executable installer and run it. Check the boxes next to "Install launcher for all users (recommended)" then click "Install Now".

After installation, open the command prompt and check that the Python version matches the version you installed by executing:

...\> py --version

Lihat juga

Untuk rincian lebih,lihat dokumentasi Using Python on Windows.

Tentang pip

pip is a package manager for Python and is included by default with the Python installer. It helps to install and uninstall Python packages (such as Django!). For the rest of the installation, we'll use pip to install Python packages from the command line.

Menyetel lingkungan maya

It is best practice to provide a dedicated environment for each Django project you create. There are many options to manage environments and packages within the Python ecosystem, some of which are recommended in the Python documentation. Python itself comes with venv for managing environments which we will use for this guide.

To create a virtual environment for your project, open a new command prompt, navigate to the folder where you want to create your project and then enter the following:

...\> py -m venv project-name

This will create a folder called 'project-name' if it does not already exist and set up the virtual environment. To activate the environment, run:

...\> project-name\Scripts\activate.bat

The virtual environment will be activated and you'll see "(project-name)" next to the command prompt to designate that. Each time you start a new command prompt, you'll need to activate the environment again.

Pasang Django

Django dapat dipasang dengan mudah menggunakan pip dalam lingkungan maya anda.

In the command prompt, ensure your virtual environment is active, and execute the following command:

...\> py -m pip install Django

Ini akan mengunduh dan memasang terbitan Django terakhir.

Setelah pemasangan lengkap, anda dapat memeriksa pemasangan Django anda dengan menjalankan django-admin --version di command prompt.

Lihat Dapatkan basisdata anda berjalan untuk informasi pada pemasangan basisdata dengan Django.

Keluaran terminal bewarna

A quality-of-life feature adds colored (rather than monochrome) output to the terminal. In modern terminals this should work for both CMD and PowerShell. If for some reason this needs to be disabled, set the environmental variable DJANGO_COLORS to nocolor.

On older Windows versions, or legacy terminals, colorama 0.4.6+ must be installed to enable syntax coloring:

...\> py -m pip install "colorama >= 0.4.6"

Lihat Pewarnaan sintaksis untuk informasi lebih pada pengaturan warna.

Kesalahan umum

• Jika django-admin hanya menampilkan teks bantuan tidak perduli argumen apa yang diberikan, ada kemungkinan masalah dengan berkas terkait di Windows. Periksa jika ada lagi dari satu kumpulan lingkungan variabel untuk menjalankan tulisan Python dalam PATH. Ini biasanya muncul ketika ada lebih dari satu versi Python terpasang.

• If you are connecting to the internet behind a proxy, there might be problems in running the command py -m pip install Django. Set the environment variables for proxy configuration in the command prompt as follows:

  ...\> set http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport
  ...\> set https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport
  

• Secara umum, Django beranggapan bahwa penyandian UTF-8 digunakan untuk I/O. Ini mungkin menyebabkan masalah jika sistem anda disetel menggunakan penyandian berbeda. Versi terbaru Python mengizinkan menyetel variabel lingkungan the PYTHONUTF8 untuk memaksa penyandian UTF-8. Windows 10 juga menyediakan pengaturqan lebar-sistem dengen memilih Use Unicode UTF-8 for worldwide language support di Language ‣ Administrative Language Settings ‣ Change system locale dalam pengaturan sistem.