Memasang pustaka Geospatial

GeoDjango menggunakan dan/atau menyediakan antarmuka untuk pustaka geospatial sumber terbuka berikut:

Program	Deskripsi	Dibutuhkan	Versi Didukung
GEOS	Geometry Engine Open Source	Ya	3.5, 3.4, 3.3
PROJ.4	Pustaka Cartographic Projections	Ya (hanya PostgreSQL dan SQLite )	4.9, 4.8, 4.7, 4.6, 4.5, 4.4
GDAL	Pustaka Abstrak Data Geospatial	Ya	2.1, 2.0, 1.11, 1.10, 1.9
GeoIP	Pustaka geolokasi berdasarkan-IP	Tidak	2
PostGIS	Tambahan spasial untuk PostgreSQL	Ya (hanya PostgreSQL)	2.3, 2.2, 2.1
SpatiaLite	Tambahan spasial untuk SQLite	Ya (hanya SQLite )	4.3, 4.2, 4.1, 4.0

Catat bahwa terlama atau lebih versi saat ini dari pustaka-pustaka ini mungkin juga bekerja sepenuhnya baik dengan GeoDjango. Jarak tempuh anda mungkin beragam.

Changed in Django 1.11:

In older versions, GDAL is required only for SQLite. Now it's required for all databases.

Catatan

The GeoDjango interfaces to GEOS, GDAL, and GeoIP may be used independently of Django. In other words, no database or settings file required -- just import them as normal from django.contrib.gis.

On Debian/Ubuntu, you are advised to install the following packages which will install, directly or by dependency, the required geospatial libraries:

$ sudo apt-get install binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin

Paket pilihan untuk dipertimbangkan:

• libgeoip1: untuk dukungan GeoIP
• python-gdal for GDAL's own Python bindings -- includes interfaces for raster manipulation

Please also consult platform-specific instructions if you are on macOS or Windows.

Membangun dari sumber

When installing from source on UNIX and GNU/Linux systems, please follow the installation instructions carefully, and install the libraries in the given order. If using MySQL or Oracle as the spatial database, only GEOS is required.

Catatan

Pada serambi Linux, itu mungkin sangat diperlukan menjalankan perintah ldconfig setelah memasang setiap pustaka. Sebagai contoh:

$ sudo make install
$ sudo ldconfig

Catatan

macOS users must install Xcode in order to compile software from source.

GEOS

GEOS is a C++ library for performing geometric operations, and is the default internal geometry representation used by GeoDjango (it's behind the "lazy" geometries). Specifically, the C API library is called (e.g., libgeos_c.so) directly from Python using ctypes.

Pertama, unduh GEOS 3.4.2 dari situs jaringan GEOS dan untar arsip sumber:

$ wget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.4.2.tar.bz2
$ tar xjf geos-3.4.2.tar.bz2

Selanjutnya, rubah kedalam direktori dimana GEOS dibuka, jalankan tulisan konfigurasi, susun, dan pasang:

$ cd geos-3.4.2
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..

Menyelesaikan masalah

Tidak dapat menemukan pustaka GEOS

Ketika GeoDjango tidak dapat menemukan GEOS, kesalahan ini akan muncul:

ImportError: Could not find the GEOS library (tried "geos_c"). Try setting GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.

Pemecahan paling umum adalah dengan benar mengkonfigurasi Pustaka pengaturan lingkungan anda atau menyetel GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH di pengaturan anda.

Jika menggunakan paket biner dari GEOS (sebagai contoh pada Ubuntu), anda mungkin butuh untuk Pasang binutils.

GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH

If your GEOS library is in a non-standard location, or you don't want to modify the system's library path then the GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to the GEOS C library. For example:

GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/bob/local/lib/libgeos_c.so'

Catatan

Pengaturan harus berupa jalur penuh pada pustaka berbagi C; dengan kata lain anda ingin menggunakan libgeos_c.so, bukan libgeos.so.

Lihat juga Catatan saya diisi dengan kesalahan terkait GEOS.

PROJ.4

PROJ.4 is a library for converting geospatial data to different coordinate reference systems.

Pertama, unduh kode sumber PROJ.4 dan fakta meindahkan berkas-berkas [1]:

$ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.9.1.tar.gz
$ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.tar.gz

Next, untar the source code archive, and extract the datum shifting files in the nad subdirectory. This must be done prior to configuration:

$ tar xzf proj-4.9.1.tar.gz
$ cd proj-4.9.1/nad
$ tar xzf ../../proj-datumgrid-1.5.tar.gz
$ cd ..

Akhirnya, konfigurasi, buat dan pasang PROJ.4:

$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..

GDAL

GDAL is an excellent open source geospatial library that has support for reading most vector and raster spatial data formats. Currently, GeoDjango only supports GDAL's vector data capabilities [2]. GEOS and PROJ.4 should be installed prior to building GDAL.

Pertama unduh versi terbitan GDAL terakhir dan keluarkan arsip:

$ wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/1.11.2/gdal-1.11.2.tar.gz
$ tar xzf gdal-1.11.2.tar.gz
$ cd gdal-1.11.2

Konfigurasi, buat dan pasang:

$ ./configure
$ make # Go get some coffee, this takes a while.
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..

Catatan

Because GeoDjango has its own Python interface, the preceding instructions do not build GDAL's own Python bindings. The bindings may be built by adding the --with-python flag when running configure. See GDAL/OGR In Python for more information on GDAL's bindings.

If you have any problems, please see the troubleshooting section below for suggestions and solutions.

Menyelesaikan masalah

Tidak dapat menemukan pustaka GDAL

When GeoDjango can't find the GDAL library, configure your Pustaka pengaturan lingkungan or set GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.

GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH

If your GDAL library is in a non-standard location, or you don't want to modify the system's library path then the GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to the GDAL library. For example:

GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/sue/local/lib/libgdal.so'

Catatan kaki

[1]

The datum shifting files are needed for converting data to and from certain projections. For example, the PROJ.4 string for the Google projection (900913 or 3857) requires the null grid file only included in the extra datum shifting files. It is easier to install the shifting files now, then to have debug a problem caused by their absence later.

[2]	Specifically, GeoDjango provides support for the OGR library, a component of GDAL.