Bagaimana memasang Django

This document will get you up and running with Django.

Pasang Phyton

Being a Python Web framework, Django requires Python. See Versi Phyton apa dapat Saya gunakan dengan Django? for details.

Dapatkan versi terakhir dari Phyton di https://www.python.org/download/ atau dengan pengelola paket sistem operasi anda.

Django di Jython

Jika anda menggunakan Jyton (Penerapan Phyton untuk serambi Java), anda akan butuh untuk mengikuti beberapa langkah tambahan. Lihat Menjalankan Django pada Jyton untuk rincian.

Phyton di Windows

If you are just starting with Django and using Windows, you may find Bagaimana memasang Django pada WIndows useful.

Pasang Apache dan mod_wsgi

If you just want to experiment with Django, skip ahead to the next section; Django includes a lightweight web server you can use for testing, so you won’t need to set up Apache until you’re ready to deploy Django in production.

If you want to use Django on a production site, use Apache with mod_wsgi. mod_wsgi can operate in one of two modes: an embedded mode and a daemon mode. In embedded mode, mod_wsgi is similar to mod_perl – it embeds Python within Apache and loads Python code into memory when the server starts. Code stays in memory throughout the life of an Apache process, which leads to significant performance gains over other server arrangements. In daemon mode, mod_wsgi spawns an independent daemon process that handles requests. The daemon process can run as a different user than the Web server, possibly leading to improved security, and the daemon process can be restarted without restarting the entire Apache Web server, possibly making refreshing your codebase more seamless. Consult the mod_wsgi documentation to determine which mode is right for your setup. Make sure you have Apache installed, with the mod_wsgi module activated. Django will work with any version of Apache that supports mod_wsgi.

See How to use Django with mod_wsgi for information on how to configure mod_wsgi once you have it installed.

Jika anda tidak dapat menggunakan mod_wsgi untuk beberapa alasan, jangan takut: Django mendukung banyak pilihan penyebaran lain. Satu adalah uWSGI; itu bekerja sangat baik dengan nginx. Selain itu, Django mengikuti spesifikasi WSGI (PEP 3333), yang mengizinkannya untuk berjalan pada seragam serambi peladen.

Get your database running

If you plan to use Django’s database API functionality, you’ll need to make sure a database server is running. Django supports many different database servers and is officially supported with PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle and SQLite.

If you are developing a simple project or something you don’t plan to deploy in a production environment, SQLite is generally the simplest option as it doesn’t require running a separate server. However, SQLite has many differences from other databases, so if you are working on something substantial, it’s recommended to develop with the same database as you plan on using in production.

In addition to the officially supported databases, there are backends provided by 3rd parties that allow you to use other databases with Django.

In addition to a database backend, you’ll need to make sure your Python database bindings are installed.

• If you’re using PostgreSQL, you’ll need the psycopg2 package. Refer to the PostgreSQL notes for further details.
• If you’re using MySQL, you’ll need a DB API driver like mysqlclient. See notes for the MySQL backend for details.
• If you’re using SQLite you might want to read the SQLite backend notes.
• If you’re using Oracle, you’ll need a copy of cx_Oracle, but please read the notes for the Oracle backend for details regarding supported versions of both Oracle and cx_Oracle.
• If you’re using an unofficial 3rd party backend, please consult the documentation provided for any additional requirements.

If you plan to use Django’s manage.py migrate command to automatically create database tables for your models (after first installing Django and creating a project), you’ll need to ensure that Django has permission to create and alter tables in the database you’re using; if you plan to manually create the tables, you can simply grant Django SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE permissions. After creating a database user with these permissions, you’ll specify the details in your project’s settings file, see DATABASES for details.

If you’re using Django’s testing framework to test database queries, Django will need permission to create a test database.

Pindahkan versi lama dari DJango

Jika anda meningkatkan pemasangan anda dari Django dari versi sebelumnya, anda akan butuh untuk melepas versi Django lama sebelum memasang versi baru.

Jika anda memasang Django menggunakan pip atau easy_install sebelumnya, memasang dengan pip atau easy_install kembali akan secara otomatis menjaga dari versi lama, jadi anda tidak butuh melakukannya sendiri.

If you previously installed Django using python setup.py install, uninstalling is as simple as deleting the django directory from your Python site-packages. To find the directory you need to remove, you can run the following at your shell prompt (not the interactive Python prompt):

$ python -c "import django; print(django.__path__)"

Pasang kode Django

Installation instructions are slightly different depending on whether you’re installing a distribution-specific package, downloading the latest official release, or fetching the latest development version.

It’s easy, no matter which way you choose.

Memasang terbitan resmi dengan pip

Ini adalah cara yang dianjurkan untuk memasang Django.

1. Pasang pip. Paling mudah adalah menggunakan standalone pip installer. Jika penyaluran anda sudah mempunyai pip terpasang, anda mungkin butuh memperbaharui jika itu sudah usang. Jika itu sudah usang, anda akan tahu karena pemasangan tidak akan bekerja.

2. Take a look at virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper. These tools provide isolated Python environments, which are more practical than installing packages systemwide. They also allow installing packages without administrator privileges. The contributing tutorial walks through how to create a virtualenv on Python 3.
3. After you’ve created and activated a virtual environment, enter the command pip install Django at the shell prompt.

Installing a distribution-specific package

Periksa distribution specific notes untuk melihat jika serambi/penyaluran menyediakan paket/pemasang Django resmi. Paket disediakan-penyaluran akan secara khusus mengizinkan pemasangan otomatis dari ketergantungan dan jalur peningkatan yang mudah; bagaimanapun, paket-paket ini akan jarang mengandung terbitan terakhir dari Django.

Installing the development version

Melacak pengembangan Django

If you decide to use the latest development version of Django, you’ll want to pay close attention to the development timeline, and you’ll want to keep an eye on the release notes for the upcoming release. This will help you stay on top of any new features you might want to use, as well as any changes you’ll need to make to your code when updating your copy of Django. (For stable releases, any necessary changes are documented in the release notes.)

If you’d like to be able to update your Django code occasionally with the latest bug fixes and improvements, follow these instructions:

1. Make sure that you have Git installed and that you can run its commands from a shell. (Enter git help at a shell prompt to test this.)

2. Check out Django’s main development branch like so:

   $ git clone git://github.com/django/django.git
   

   Ini akan membuat sebuah direktori django dalam direktori anda saat ini.

3. Make sure that the Python interpreter can load Django’s code. The most convenient way to do this is to use virtualenv, virtualenvwrapper, and pip. The contributing tutorial walks through how to create a virtualenv on Python 3.

4. After setting up and activating the virtualenv, run the following command:

   $ pip install -e django/
   

   This will make Django’s code importable, and will also make the django-admin utility command available. In other words, you’re all set!

When you want to update your copy of the Django source code, just run the command git pull from within the django directory. When you do this, Git will automatically download any changes.