Aplikasi pengalihan

Django comes with an optional redirects application. It lets you store simple redirects in a database and handles the redirecting for you. It uses the HTTP response status code 301 Moved Permanently by default.

Pemasangan

Untuk memasang aplikasi pengalihan, ikuti langkah-langkah ini:

  1. Ensure that the django.contrib.sites framework is installed.
  2. Add 'django.contrib.redirects' to your INSTALLED_APPS setting.
  3. Add 'django.contrib.redirects.middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware' to your MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES setting.
  4. Jalankan perintah manage.py migrate.

Bagaimana itu bekerja

manage.py migrate creates a django_redirect table in your database. This is a simple lookup table with site_id, old_path and new_path fields.

The RedirectFallbackMiddleware does all of the work. Each time any Django application raises a 404 error, this middleware checks the redirects database for the requested URL as a last resort. Specifically, it checks for a redirect with the given old_path with a site ID that corresponds to the SITE_ID setting.

  • If it finds a match, and new_path is not empty, it redirects to new_path using a 301 (“Moved Permanently”) redirect. You can subclass RedirectFallbackMiddleware and set response_redirect_class to django.http.HttpResponseRedirect to use a 302 Moved Temporarily redirect instead.
  • If it finds a match, and new_path is empty, it sends a 410 (“Gone”) HTTP header and empty (content-less) response.
  • If it doesn’t find a match, the request continues to be processed as usual.

The middleware only gets activated for 404s – not for 500s or responses of any other status code.

Note that the order of MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES matters. Generally, you can put RedirectFallbackMiddleware at the end of the list, because it’s a last resort.

Untuk lebih pada middleware, baca dokumentasi middleware.

Bagaimana menambah, merubah dan menghapus pengalihan

Melalui antarmuka admin

If you’ve activated the automatic Django admin interface, you should see a “Redirects” section on the admin index page. Edit redirects as you edit any other object in the system.

Melalui API Python

class models.Redirect

Redirects are represented by a standard Django model, which lives in django/contrib/redirects/models.py. You can access redirect objects via the Django database API.

Middleware

class middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware

You can change the HttpResponse classes used by the middleware by creating a subclass of RedirectFallbackMiddleware and overriding response_gone_class and/or response_redirect_class.

response_gone_class

The HttpResponse class used when a Redirect is not found for the requested path or has a blank new_path value.

Defaults to HttpResponseGone.

response_redirect_class

Kelas HttpResponse yang mengangani pengalihan.

Defaults to HttpResponsePermanentRedirect.